create table Groups (
  id int identity primary key,
  name varchar(max)
)
create table Objects(
  id int identity primary key,
  last_change timestamp not null,
  payload varchar(max),
  group_id int not null foreign key references Groups(id)
)

create table Users (
  id int identity primary key,
  name varchar(max)
)

create table AccessRights
(
  id int identity primary key,
  user_id int not null foreign key references Users(Id),
  group_id int not null foreign key references Groups(Id),
  last_change timestamp not null
)

select * from Objects where last_change > @last_seen_timestamp
  and group_id in (select group_id from AccessRights where user_id = @user_id)

select * from Objects where group_id in (select group_id from AccessRights where user_id = @user_id and last_change > @last_seen_timestamp)

select Objects.* from Objects inner join AccessRights on Objects.group_id = AccessRights.group_id and user_id = @user_id
where object.last_change > @last_seen_timestamp or AccessRights.last_change > @last_seen_timestamp

select top (@batch_size) * from (select Objects.id, Objects.payload, Objects.deleteFlag, AccessRights.has_access, max(Objects.last_change, AccessRights.last_change) as last_change from Objects inner join AccessRights on Objects.group_id = AccessRights.group_id and user_id = @user_id) Replication 
where last_change > @last_seen_change or (last_change = @last_seen_change and id > @last_seen_id)
order by last_change, id

R3>Я так и написал.

changes = RetrieveChanges(prevTimestamp)
foreach(LogicalTransaction lt in changes)
{
  var table = lt.TableName;
  switch(lt.Kind)
  {
     case Update/Insert:
       .... lt содержит все колонки строки table
     case Delete:
       .... lt содержит только ID строки table
  }
  prevTimestamp = lt.Timestamp;
}

S>>select top (@batch_size) * from (select Objects.id, Objects.payload, Objects.deleteFlag, AccessRights.has_access, max(Objects.last_change, AccessRights.last_change) as last_change from Objects inner join AccessRights on Objects.group_id = AccessRights.group_id and user_id = @user_id) Replication 
S>>where last_change > @last_seen_change or (last_change = @last_seen_change and id > @last_seen_id)
S>>order by last_change, id
S>>

(select Objects.id, Objects.payload, Objects.deleteFlag, AccessRights.has_access, max(Objects.last_change, AccessRights.last_change) as last_change from Objects inner join AccessRights on Objects.group_id = AccessRights.group_id and user_id = @user_id)