Fascism is a radical totalitarian political philosophy that combines
elements of corporatism, authoritarianism, extreme nationalism,
militarism, anti-anarchism, anti-communism and anti-liberalism.

The original fascist (fascismo) movement ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943
under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. In time, the generic term
fascism came to cover a class of authoritarian political ideologies,
parties, and political systems, most notably Nazi Germany under Adolf
Hitler but also Hungary's Arrow Cross Party, Romania's Iron Guard,
Spain's Falange and the French political movements led by former
socialists Marcel Deat and Jacques Doriot and others.

Fascism in Italy arose in the 1920s as a mixture of syndicalist notions
with an anti-materialist theory of the state; the latter had already
been linked to an extreme nationalism.